Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Annals of Research in Antioxidants 2476-5511 4 1 2019 01 03 Metformin and prevention of diabetic kidney disease e01 e01 EN Amin Hasanvad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-7542 Journal Article 2018 08 04 2018 11 27 Metformin is the class of oral glucose-lowering drugs widely used for the prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) via metformin, a cellular energy regulator, can be used to balance hemostasis. Many studies showed that hyperglycemia significantly inhibited the AMPK and increased activation of mTOR pathway, and also, it was induced hypertrophy and renal injury leading to diabetic nephropathy. It is clear that metformin attenuates oxidative stress through via AMPK signaling pathways contributing to its nephroprotective effects in diabetic nephropathy (diabetic kidney disease).